Showing posts with label semantics. Show all posts
Showing posts with label semantics. Show all posts

11/17/2011

Modeling & Simulation-Based Data Engineering: Introducing Pragmatics into Ontologies for Net-Centric Information Exchange Review

Modeling and Simulation-Based Data Engineering: Introducing Pragmatics into Ontologies for Net-Centric Information Exchange
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It is often the case that a new area of inquiry, comprised of elements from seemingly disparate disciplines, yields surprising insights. Zeigler's and Hammonds's effort is no exception. While linguistics has from time to time informed mathematics and computer science, to my knowledge little has been done to date towards the application of semantics and pragmatics to this type of data exchange.
The prose is concise, clear, and conversational. Given the complexity of the two topics and the more or less mutual exclusivity of their lexicons, readers whose experience has been acquired only in the one or the other of these two disciplines will nevertheless quickly become comfortable in this discussion. The authors provide many examples to illustrate their line of reasoning, all drawn from a wide variety of sources.
As an IT professional with 15 years' experience and an advanced degree in a foreign language, I found this book satisfying, illuminating, and provocative. While it is intended to address a specific engineering problem, its implications extend well beyond its stated purview. Heartily recommended for those who would like to think about the synergies of data engineering and pragmatics, and also for those who want to think about what might be beyond the horizon.

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Data Engineering has become a necessary and critical activity for business, engineering, and scientific organizations as the move to service oriented architecture and web services moves into full swing. Notably, the US Department of Defense is mandating that all of its agencies and contractors assume a defining presence on the Net-centric Global Information Grid. This book provides the first practical approach to data engineering and modeling, which supports interoperabililty with consumers of the data in a service- oriented architectures (SOAs). Although XML (eXtensible Modeling Language) is the lingua franca for such interoperability, it is not sufficient on its own. The approach in this book addresses critical objectives such as creating a single representation for multiple applications, designing models capable of supporting dynamic processes, and harmonizing legacy data models for web-based co-existence. The approach is based on the System Entity Structure (SES) which is a well-defined structure, methodology, and practical tool with all of the functionality of UML (Unified Modeling Language) and few of the drawbacks. The SES originated in the formal representation of hierarchical simulation models. So it provides an axiomatic formalism that enables automating the development of XML dtds and schemas, composition and decomposition of large data models, and analysis of commonality among structures.Zeigler and Hammond include a range of features to benefit their readers. Natural language, graphical and XML forms of SES specification are employed to allow mapping of legacy meta-data. Real world examples and case studies provide insight into data engineering and test evaluation in various application domains. Comparative information is provided on concepts of ontologies, modeling and simulation, introductory linguistic background, and support options enable programmers to work with advanced tools in the area. The website of the Arizona Center for Integrative Modeling and Simulation, co-founded by Zeigler in 2001, provides links to downloadable software to accompany the book. * The only practical guide to integrating XML and web services in data engineering* Introduces linguistic levels of interoperability for effective information exchange* Covers the interoperability standards mandated by national and international agencies * Complements Zeigler's classic THEORY OF MODELING AND SIMULATION

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10/11/2011

Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL Review

Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL
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There are maybe half a dozen or so books in my library that have defined the body of knowledge that has been the subject of my career. All the others are interesting (or not) but not the definitive description of the subject. It is very rare when a new one comes along. But when one does succinctly and clearly define and describe a subject area I have been struggling to master for several years, this is worth celebrating.

This is such a book. For the last several years, I have been studying OWL and the Semantic Web, recognizing that there is something there that is important. But it's been a struggle to get on top of it. For example, the books I've found so far (and indeed, the OWL specification itself) describes the language in terms of XML. That's ok, and I was able to understand bits and pieces of it. And I did get the fundamental difference between semantic modeling as done in OWL and semantic modeling as I have been doing with entity/relationship modeling. But I never really felt comfortable that I "got it".
This book, however, very clearly starts at the beginning and takes the reader through the steps required to understand not just the languages involved, but why they are important and why they are significant to the Semantic Web. Indeed this is the first time I can say that I really understand the semantic web.
One of the reviews complains that the book doesn't go far enough. Perhaps not. But if you are looking for a place not just to start your education and to get a through grounding in fundamental concepts, this is the book for you.
I strongly recommend this book.


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The promise of the Semantic Web to provide a universal medium to exchange data information and knowledge has been well publicized.There are many sources too for basic information on the extensions to the WWW that permit content to be expressed in natural language yet used by software agents to easily find, share and integrate information. Until now individuals engaged in creating ontologies-- formal descriptions of the concepts, terms, and relationships within a given knowledge domain-- have had no sources beyond the technical standards documents.Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist transforms this information into the practical knowledge that programmers and subject domain experts need.Authors Allemang and Hendler begin with solutions to the basic problems, but don't stop there:they demonstrate how to develop your own solutions to problems of increasing complexity and ensure that your skills will keep pace with the continued evolution of the Semantic Web. . Provides practical information for all programmers and subject matter experts engaged in modeling data to fit the requirements of the Semantic Web.. De-emphasizes algorithms and proofs, focusing instead on real-world problems, creative solutions, and highly illustrative examples. . Presents detailed, ready-to-apply "recipes" for use in many specific situations.. Shows how to create new recipes from RDF, RDFS, and OWL constructs.

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8/14/2011

Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist, Second Edition: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL Review

Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist, Second Edition: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL
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The book is well organized, well written, and clear in its exposition of the subject. The way they build up, from the simpler concepts of RDF through RDFS to OWL, is a great way to learn the subject. The examples are instructive and well organized. The summaries at the end of each chapter help put it all in perspective.
In spite of the title of the book, I think many people who do not consider themselves "working ontologists" would benefit from reading the book.
I would recommend this book to anyone who has some familiarity with knowledge representation but needs to learn how the Semantic Web does it. (It might be a bit of a tough read for someone with no prior exposure to knowledge representation of any kind.)

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Semantic Web models and technologies provide information in machine-readable languages that enable computers to access the Web more intelligently and perform tasks automatically without the direction of users. These technologies are relatively recent and advancing rapidly, creating a set of unique challenges for those developing applications.



Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist is the essential, comprehensive resource on semantic modeling, for practitioners in health care, artificial intelligence, finance, engineering, military intelligence, enterprise architecture, and more. Focused on developing useful and reusable models, this market-leading book explains how to build semantic content (ontologies) and how to build applications that access that content.

New in this edition:


Coverage of the latest Semantic Web tools for organizing, querying, and processing information - see details in TOC below



Detailed information on the latest ontologies used in key web applications including ecommerce, social networking, data mining, using government data, and more



Updated with the latest developments and advances in Semantic Web technologies for organizing, querying, and processing information, including SPARQL, RDF and RDFS, OWL 2.0, and SKOS
Detailed information on the ontologies used in today's key web applications, including ecommerce, social networking, data mining, using government data, and more
Even more illustrative examples and case studies that demonstrate what semantic technologies are and how they work together to solve real-world problems


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